Showing posts with label English Vocabulary. Show all posts
Showing posts with label English Vocabulary. Show all posts

Wednesday, November 26, 2008

Vocabulary is Fun: Quick means of building Vocabulary Skills

Vocabulary is Fun: Challenging Word Games to build Vocabulary skills


Fun lovers always wish take challenges. ‘Vocabulary is Fun’, the most familiar Website, is posing a challenge to vocabulary builders with its excellent flash based online word games. The Website was developed for Time4Learning by Jacob Richman.

The site is well organized and provides more user-friendly home page. The Web pages listed under: Listening; Vocabulary Building; Vocabulary Exercises; Speaking Vocabulary Word are accessible through helpful navigational menus. The flash effect makes the site more colorful and attractive. You will love to spend more time here.


You are free to access any vocabulary word game including word search, online cross word puzzle including clueless cross word, word match, quiz, ‘Hang mouse’ (Hangman online), unscramble and letterbox. Building vocabulary is recommended to all age groups. For this purpose some may prefer to read books, some other may engage in programmed learning tools, and most of them may prefer to listening audio and video cassettes. Vocabulary word games make you to grasp more number of words at a short interval. Every game will be challenging and will surely tease your brain. It will hone your vocabulary skills.
The vocabulary games include an online word search, an online crossword puzzle, and hangman online (called HangMouse). Users choose the vocabulary list that the word game will use. The games can be used on smart boards for to build vocabulary skills in the classroom.


I have attempted few vocabulary games. They are really tough and challenging. I personally consider this site will be immensely useful to all fun lovers

Tuesday, November 25, 2008

Choptalk: A Word Game from TeachitWorld

Choptalk: A word Game

Fig.1 Choptalk Window showing jumbled word string

Are you interested in putting back the text string that is broken into jumbled chunks by Choptalk? It will be challenging. Choptalk lets you to enter a text string of your choice. The word puzzler breaks the string into chunks and jumble the chunked pieces. As a learner you are expected to put back the pieces into its original form. This is what the challenge Choptalk has for you.

Choptalk is a word game program from Teachitworld. It alerts your brain and makes you to think possible English word combinations. It hones your spelling and punctuation skills. The problem will be teasing and testing your patience. Once if you have finished successfully you can be proud of your skills. More and more work outs will improve your language skills. Now you may appreciate yourself.

How to register with Choptalk? Is there any subscription? Teachitworld allows only registered subscribers to use Choptalk. However Choptalk offers a challenging session for people to glue together the jumbled text strings from a familiar political speech. You are expected to know that who delivered the speech, the place at which it was made and on what date. Once if you are successful, you may win one year subscription free of cost.

Now you may try a free sample word workout

Thursday, November 20, 2008

Tongue Twisters in English

Tongue Twisters: Simple Phrases

What are tongue twisters? Simply it is a phrase. It is designed to make you understand pronunciation and accent. Yes. You might have undergone the difficult phase of repeating the tongue twisters to improve your pronunciation and accent during your school days. According to Oxford English Dictionary, tongue twister is "a sequence of words, often alliterative, difficult to articulate quickly." Another definition from answer.com explains tongue twister as 'a word or group of words difficult to articulate rapidly, usually because of a succession of similar consonantal sounds ...' 'It is an expression that is difficult to articulate clearly.'


In the opinion of Wikipedia, 'tongue-twisters may rely on similar but distinct phonemes, unfamiliar constructs in loanwords, or other features of a language.'

Repetition

Most of the tongue-twisters employ a combination of alliteration and rhyme. You may notice the sequences of sounds repeats two to three times with a change in sequences. Consider this example,


'She sells sea shells on the sea shore.
The shells that she sells are sea shells I'm sure.'


Spoonerisms


Named after the British scholar Reverend William Archibald Spooner, the Spoonerism is an inadvertent transposition of the sounds of two words - usually the initial sounds - especially such a transposition that turns out to produce an interesting or amusing result. Consider the following example:


It is kiss to mary to cuss the bride.


My Tongue Twister Collection


I collected a set of tongue twisters to people who are interested to learn and practice. Under reference I have given useful Websites on tongue twister.


1) Can you imagine an imaginary menagerie manager imagining managing an imaginary menagerie?


2) Fresh fried fish,
Fish fresh fried,
Fried fish fresh,
Fish fried fresh.
Freshly fried fresh flesh.


3) Give papa a cup of proper coffee in a copper coffee cup.


4) Good blood, bad blood.


5) How many saws could a see-saw saw if a see-saw could saw saws?


6) If two witches would watch two watches

Which witch would watch which watch?


7) Lesser leather never weathered wetter weather better.


8) Lily ladles little Letty's lentil soup.


9) My dame hath a lame tame crane,

My dame hath a crane that is lame.


10) Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.


11) Red leather, yellow leather.


12) Red lorry, yellow lorry, red lorry, yellow lorry.


13) Say this sharply, say this sweetly,

Say this shortly, say this softly.

Say this sixteen times in succession.


14) She sells six sea shells on the sea shore

The shells that she sells are sea shells I'm sure.

So if she sells sea shells on the sea shore,

I'm sure that the shells are sea shore shells.

Six thick thistle sticks. Six thick thistles stick.

Shy Shelly says she shall sew sheets.


15) Swan swam over the sea,

Swim, swan, swim!

Swan swam back again

Well swum, swan!


16) The crow flew over the

river with a lump of raw liver.


17) Which witch wished which wicked wish?


18) Who washed Washington's white woolen underwear

when Washington's washer woman went west?


[Note: I have selected the tongue twisters from the Websites shown below]


Useful Websites on Tongue Twisters:









5) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue-twister -


6) 1st International Collection of Tongue Twisters - 2712 examples in 107 languages as of September 4, 2006






Fun with Palindrome

Palindrome is Formed for Fun

The word 'PALINDROME' comes from the Greek word palindromos, which means 'running back again'. A palindrome is a word or sentence or even complete poem which is spelled the same backwards and forwards.

Early palindromes reverse the sentences and not the letters. 'Madam, I'm Adam' is one of the best known palindromes. You must ignore all spaces and punctuations. Here are some good palindromes from KeithEnevoldsen's Think Zoneword fun:

1) are we not drawn onward, we few, drawn onward to new era?

2) cigar? Toss it in a can. It is so tragic.

3) desserts, i stressed

4) dog, as a devil deified, lived as a god.

5) do geese see god?

6) dogma? I am god.

7) drab as a fool, aloof as a bard.

8) draw, o coward

9) ma is as selfless as i am.

10) madam, in eden, i'm adam.

11) never odd or even.

12) no sir, prefer prison.

13) niagara, o roar again.

14) so many dynamos.

15) senile felines.

16) ten animals i slam in a net.

17) straw? No, too stupid a fad. I put soot on warts.

18) was it a cat i saw?

Consider few interesting palindromes. The list is compiled for your amusement. Can you add some more?

1) boob
2) civic
3) civic
4) deed
5) deed
6) deified
7) ewe
8) eye
9) level
10) madam
11) noon
12) nun
13) peep
14) pip
15) pop
16) racecar
17) radar
18) redivider
19) refer
22) repaper
20) rotator
21) rotor
22) sagas
23) sees
24) sexes
25) stats
26) toot
27) tot
28) wow

A palindrome is not necessarily a single word. Words like DAM, DOG, EVIL, LOOP, LOOT, NET and STRAW (which read MAD, GOD, EVIL, LIVE, POOL, TOOL, TEN and WARTS backwards) are not themselves palindromes but the following 'word phrases' are palindromes:

1) dam mad,
2) dog god,
3) live evil,
4) loop pool,
5) loot tool,
6) net ten and
7) straw warts

Today there are many funny palindromes in English and most people know a few.

Some links to Web pages devoted to palindromes:

1) http://www.palindromelist.com/
2) http://www.fun-with-words.com/palindromes.html
3) http://www.mockok.com/(specializes in single-sentence palindromes)
4) http://members.aol.com/gulfhigh2/words
5.html(specializes in one-word palindromes)

[ Palindrome includes funny words, phrases and sentences. Often the word groups are formulated for fun sake. So except fun and amusement, palindromes serves less or no purpose]


[I have compiled the palindromes from conventional dictionaries and Websites mentioned above]

List of Words of Hindu Religious Origin

Hinduism and its Wisdom

Over the period of time Hinduism, an ancient religion from India, have passed their wisdom to the entire world. The Western countries in general and the English speaking countries in particular have duly recognized the value of this oriental wisdom known as ‘Vedas’. The ancient Sanskrit Vedic texts include Vedic Astronomy, Vedic Mathematics, Vedic Philosophy, Astrology, Ayurveda and so on. In the recent past western countries are showing enormous interest in Ashtanga Yoga (or its other derivative forms), Bhagavad-Gita, Bharata Natyam, Classical Music and of course our spices and cookery.

British Raj and Colonial Missionary

One could trace the history of English vocabulary from the history of British relationships with other cultures. Around 1610s the Christian missionaries adopted bilingualism to preach their religion. Biligualism means functional relationship between languages. The relationship of English with Hindi, Urdu and sanskrit was willingly legitimized by prominent spokesmen in India. In due course these spokesmen in India thought that English would open the way for people to find out about scientific developments of the West. In the mean time colonial English lexicographers have started to adopt words mostly associated with Hindu Religion into English. The Oxford English Dictionary did the pioneering job in compilation of Hindi words. Then the Urdu words got adopted into English. Sanskrit words, a divine language always associated with holy Hindu literature, were adopted later. The list of Sanskrit words compiled with the purpose to communicate the apt meaning to those who does not have familiarity with Hinduism and India.

I have compiled 108 words. The list is partial and not complete. I have used the dictionaries mentioned under ‘source’. If some one is interested in adding some more, they are most welcome.

1) Acura (n) Acarya (Sometimes Spelled Acharya In English) (n) Sanskrit A Preceptor, Instructor; Cf. Guru
2) Aditya (n) Sanskrit Āditya, The Vedic Sun God.
3) Agni (n) Sanskrit Agnih, Which Means "Fire".
4) Ahimsa (n) (Sanskrit) the Hindu and Buddhist doctrine of refraining from harming any living being
5) Amrita (n) Sanskrit Amrtam, Nectar Of Everlasting Life.
6) Annapurna (n) (Sanskrit) 1. Consort Of Shiva 2. Highest peak 26,504 feet (8078 meters)
7) Antarloka (n) "Inner or In-Between World."
8) Anubhava (n) Anubhava Direct Perception; Personal Spiritual Experience.
9) Arya (n) Sanskrit Ārya. Arya (Aryan): One Who Is An Arya-Literally, "One Who Strives Upward." Both Arya And Aryan Are Exclusively Psychological Terms Having Nothing Whatsoever To Do With Birth, Race, Or Nationality. In His Teachings Buddha Habitually Referred To Spiritually Qualified People As "The Aryas." Although In English Translations We Find The Expressions: "The Four Noble Truths," And "The Noble Eightfold Path," Buddha Actually Said: "The Four Aryan Truths," And "The Eightfold Aryan Path." Aryan
10) Asana (n) Sanskrit asana manner of sitting any of various yogic postures
11) Ashram (n) Sanskrit, 1: a secluded dwelling of a Hindu sage ; also : the group of disciples instructed there 2: a religious retreat
12) Asura (n) Sanskrit A-Sura, Which Means "Negation Of Sura God ", Ie Someone Who Have Demonish Qualities Or Someone Who Is Against God .

13) Atma (n) The Essential Divinity, Or Light Of Consciousness, In Each Individual; Often Translated Into English As “Self”. See Brahman.
14) Aum/Om, (n) Sanskrit a mantra consisting of the sound \\ˈōm\\ and used in contemplation of ultimate reality
15) Avatar (n) Sanskrit 1: the incarnation of a Hindu deity (as Vishnu)2 a: an incarnation in human form b: an embodiment (as of a concept or philosophy) often in a person
16) Ayurveda (n) Sanskrit āyurvedaḥ, from āyuḥ life, vital power + vedaḥ knowledge. A form of holistic alternative medicine that is the traditional system of medicine of India
17) Bhagavad-Gita (n) Sanskrit Bhagavadgītā, literally, song of the blessed one (Krishna). A Hindu devotional work in poetic form
18) Bhakti (n) Sanskrit devotion to a deity constituting a way to salvation in Hinduism
19) Bodily Humor (n) Anglo-saxon a fluid or juice of an animal or plant; specifically: one of the four fluids entering into the constitution of the body and determining by their relative proportions a person's health and temperament. An English Equivalent Of The Ayurvedic Term Dosha, Which Names Three Fundamental Interbalancing Principles Or Constituents Of The Human Constitution.
20) Brahma (n) Sanskrit brahman 1 : the creator god of the Hindu sacred triad — compare
shiva , vishnu 2 : the ultimate ground of all being in Hinduism
21) Brahman (n) Sanskrit brāhmaṇa 1 a: a Hindu of the highest caste traditionally assigned to the priesthood; 3 usually Brahmin : a person of high social standing and cultivated intellect and taste.
22) Brahman (n) 1 (also Brahmin) a member of the highest Hindu caste, that of the priesthood. 2 (also Brahma) the ultimate reality underlying all phenomena in the Hindu scriptures.
23) Caste (n) 1 Latin castus each of the hereditary classes of Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status. 2 any exclusive social class.
24) Chakra (n) Sanskrit cakra. any of several points of physical or spiritual energy in the human body according to yoga philosophy
25) Chariot (n) a two-wheeled horse-drawn battle car of ancient times used also in processions and races
26) Chukker (n) Sanskrit Cakra, Hindi Chakkar, A Circle, A Wheel
27) Deva, Diva (n) Sanskrit Deva, Which Means "A God". Diva Means Day Like In Divakara, Sun Who Makes The Day.
28) Devi (n) Sanskrit Devi, Which Means "A Goddess".
29) Dharma (n) 1Hinduism : an individual's duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law 2Hinduism & Buddhism a: the basic principles of cosmic or individual existence : divine law b: conformity to one's duty and nature
30) Diwali (n) a Hindu festival with lights, held in October and November to celebrate the end of the monsoon.
31) Elixir:
(n) a (1): a substance held capable of changing base metals into gold (2): a substance held capable of prolonging life indefinitely b (1): cure-all (2): a medicinal concoction
32) Fakir (n) Arabic faqīr b: an itinerant Hindu ascetic or wonder-worker
33) Ganesh (n) Via Hindi Gaŋeś Ultimately From Sanskrit Gaŋeśa.
34) Guru (n) Sanskrit 1: a personal religious teacher and spiritual guide in Hinduism
35) Hanuman (n) Through Hindi From Sanskrit Hanuman, A Kind Of Small Monkey, Hindu God.
36) Hare Krishna (n) Hindi. A member of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, a religious sect based on the worship of the Hindu god Krishna.
37) Himalaya (n) Sanskrit Himalayah, Which Means "Place Of Snow".Mountains S Asia on border between India & Tibet & in Kashmir, Nepal, & Bhutan
38) Hindi (n) Hindi Hind, 1 : a literary and official language of northern India 2 : a complex of Indo-Aryan languages and dialects of northern India for which Hindi is the usual literary language
39) Hindu (n) Persian Hindu a follower of Hinduism. 1 : an adherent of
Hinduism 2 : a native or inhabitant of India
40) Indra (n) A Prominent Vedic God, In Charge Of Rain And Thunder.
41) Jungle (n) Sanskrit Jangala-S, Hindi Jangal 1 a: an impenetrable thicket or tangled mass of tropical vegetation b: a tract overgrown with thickets or masses of vegetation
42) Kali (n) Sanskrit Kali. the Hindu goddess of death and destruction
43) Kama Sutra (n) Sanskrit Kāma Sutra, Which Means Kāma "Desire" And Sutra.
44) Karma (n) Sanskrit Karman 1. often capitalized : the force generated by a person's actions held in Hinduism and Buddhism to perpetuate transmigration and in its ethical consequences to determine the nature of the person's next existence
45) Krishna (n) Sanskrit Krshnah a deity or deified hero of later Hinduism worshipped as an incarnation of Vishnu
46) Kshatriya (n) Sanskrit kṣatriya a Hindu of an upper caste traditionally assigned to governing and military occupations
47) Kumkum (n) a red pigment used by Hindu women to make a mark on the forehead.
48) Loka (n) Sanskrit "World, Habitat, Realm, or Plane of Existence." Self: The Nearest English Equivalent of the Sanskrit Word “Atman”, the Essential Divinity of an Individual.
49) Mahabharata (n) Sanskrit Mahābhāratam, Great Epic - Story Of The Bhāratas.
50) Maharishi (n) Sanskrit maha̱rṣi 1. A great Hindu sage or spiritual leader 2. A Hindu teacher of mystical knowledge.
51) Mahatma (n) Sanskrit Mahatman 1 : a person to be revered for high-mindedness, wisdom, and selflessness
52) Manas (n) Polynesian origin "Mind" L. Mens, Mentis (Mental; Mint, "Think") 1 : the power of the elemental forces of nature embodied in an object or person
53) Mandala (n) Sanskrit Mandala 1: a Hindu or Buddhist graphic symbol of the universe ; specifically : a circle enclosing a square with a deity on each side that is used chiefly as an aid to meditation
54) Mantra (n) Sanskrit Mantra-S a mystical formula of invocation or incantation (as in Hinduism) (Mantra, "A Repeated Word" E.G. Om/Aum)
55) Manu (n) Sanskrit The progenitor of the human race and giver of the religious laws of Manu according to Hindu mythology
56) Maya (n) Sanskrit Maya the sense-world of manifold phenomena held in Vedanta to conceal the unity of absolute being
57) Mitra (n) Sanskrit Mitrah, Which Means "A Friend".
58) Moksha (n) Sanskrit Moksha, Liberation From The Cycle Of Death And Rebirth.
59) Namaste (n) Sanskrit Namas-Te, Hindi "Bowing To You".
60) Nirvana (n) Sanskrit Nirvana-S 1: the final beatitude that transcends suffering, karma, and samsara and is sought especially in Buddhism through the extinction of desire and individual consciousness
61) Palanquin (n) Through Malay And Javanese Palangki Ultimately From Sanskrit Palyanka-S, a conveyance formerly used especially in eastern Asia usually for one person that consists of an enclosed litter borne on the shoulders of men by means of poles
62) Pandit (n) Hindi paṇḍit, from Sanskrit paṇḍita 1. A Hindu scholar learned in Sanskrit and Hindu philosophy and religion. 2. a wise or learned man in India —often used as an honorary title also Pundit
63) Parvati (n) Sanskrit Pārvati, Which Means "A Mountain River" Or The Daughter Of Parvataraja, The Himalaya Mountain, Also Consort Of Lord Shiva.
64) Pipal (n) Sanskrit Pippalam, Hindi large long-lived fig (Ficus religiosa) of India
65) Prakrit (n) Sanskrit Prakrta any or all of the ancient Indo-Aryan languages or dialects other than Sanskrit
66) Pukka (n) Hindi Pakkā Meaning "Cooked", Ultimately From Sanskrit Pakva.
67) Pundit (n) see pandit
68) Purana (n) Sanskrit Puranah,
one of a class of Hindu sacred writings chiefly from a.d. 300 to a.d. 750 comprising popular myths and legends and other traditional lore
69) Raga (n) Hindi Sanskrit Rāgah, 1 : one of the ancient traditional melodic patterns or modes in Indian music 2 : an improvisation based on a traditional raga
70) Rajoguna: (n) Sanskrit One Of The Three Aspects Of Component Traits Of Cosmic Energy; The Principle Of Dynamism In Nature Bringing About All Changes; Through This Is Projected The Relative Appearance Of The Absolute As The Universe; This Quality Generates Passion And Restlessness.
71) Rajput (n) Hindi & Urdu rajut, from Sanskrit rajaputra a member of a dominant military caste of northern India
72) Rama (n) Sanskrit Ramah a deity or deified hero of later Hinduism worshipped as an avatar of Vishnu – Rama the Hero of Ramayan – Prince Ayoddhi (Kingdom)
73) Ramayana (n) Sanskrit Rāmāyanam, Which Means "The Gait Of Rama". A Holy Narrative of Lord Rama.
74) Rice (n) Via Old French And Italian From Latin Oriza, Which Is From Greek Oryza, Through An Indo-Iranian Tongue Finally From Sanskrit Vrihi-S "Rice", Tamil Origin Is Also Possible. Tamil Word Is "Arisi” the starchy seeds of an annual southeast Asian cereal grass (Oryza sativa) that are cooked and used for food ; also : this cereal grass that is widely cultivated in warm climates for its seeds and by-products
75) Rigveda (n) Sanskrit Rigveda, "Knowledge Of Praise".

76) Rishi, (n) Sanskrit A Sage
77) Rudra (n) Sanskrit, Lord Sivah.
78) Sadhu (n) Sanskrit Sādhu. a usually Hindu mendicant ascetic
79) Samadhi (n) Sanskrit Samadhi, "Putting Together".
80) Samsara (n) Sanskrit Samsara "Passing Through". the indefinitely repeated cycles of birth, misery, and death caused by karma
81) Sandhi (n) Sanskrit Samdhih, Sanskrit saṁdhi, literally, placing together modification of the sound of a morpheme (as a word or affix) conditioned by syntactic context in which it is uttered
82) Sanskrit (n) Sanskrit saṁskṛta, literally, perfected, from sam together + karoti he makes "Put Together, Well-Formed". 1 : an ancient Indo-Aryan language that is the classical language of India and of Hinduism 2 : classical Sanskrit together with the older Vedic and various later modifications of classical Sanskrit
83) Sarasvati (n) Sanskrit Sarasvati, Name Of A Holy Stream. Hindu goddess
84) Sattva (n) Sanskrit Sattvah, "Truth".
85) Shatam (n) Sanskrit "Hundred"=L. Centum (Cent, Century, Centime)
86) Shiva Or Siva (n) Through Hindi Ultimately From Sanskrit Sivah, the god of destruction and regeneration in the Hindu sacred triad — compare
brahma , vishnu
87) Siddha (n) Sanskrit Siddhah, Which Means "Achieved, Accomplished". Siddhi Literally Means Absolute Or Total Understanding; Enlightenment (A State Of Being "Buddha", Also Called "Siddha"). Additionally, The Word Is Frequently (Siddhis In Plural) Used To Mean The Paranormal Powers Possessed By Saints, Mystics, Mantriks, And Tantriks. The Word Is Accepted In New English Oxford Dictionary
88) Sparsa: (n) Sanskrit Sparsa Touch.
89) Sudra (n) Sanskrit a member of the worker caste, lowest of the four Hindu castes.
90) Sutra (n) Sanskrit sūtra precept, literally, thread Sutram "A Rule". 1: a precept summarizing Vedic teaching ; also : a collection of these precepts2: one of the discourses of the Buddha that constitute the basic text of Buddhist scripture
91) Svastika, (n) Sanskrit "Cross Of Good Fortune, Auspicious Sign", Akin To Svasti, A Salutation Meaning "Be Well" see Swastika
92) Swami (n) Hindi svāmī, from Sanskrit svāmin owner, lord, from sva one's own 1: a Hindu ascetic or religious teacher ; specifically : a senior member of a religious order —used as a title2: one that resembles or emulates a swami
93) Swastika see Svastika
94) Tamas: (n) Sanskrit Tamas Ignorance; Inertia; Darkness; Perishability.
95) Tantra (n) Sanskrit, literally, warp, from tanoti he stretches, weaves 1. One of the later Hindu or Buddhist scriptures dealing especially with techniques and rituals including meditative and sexual practices; also: the rituals or practices outlined in the tantra 2. Refers To A Hindu Or Buddhist Spiritual Sadhana That Is Performed Using Yantra, Mantra, And Specific Rituals.
96) Tat (n) Sanskrit "That"
97) Tva (n) Sanskrit "You"=L. Tu/Te/Tua, Fr. Toi (Thou, Thee)
98) Untouchable (n) a member of the lowest-caste Hindu group
99) Upanishad (n) Sanskrit upaniṣad 1. Each of a series of Hindu sacred books written in Sanskrit and explaining the philosophy introduced in the Veda. 2. one of a class of Vedic treatises dealing with broad philosophic problems
100) Vaisya (n) a member of the third of the four Hindu castes, comprising merchants and farmers.
101) Varuna (n) Sanskrit Varunah, The Lord Of Oceans.
102) Veda (n) Sanskrit, literally, knowledge 1. Any of four canonical collections of hymns, prayers, and liturgical formulas that comprise the earliest Hindu sacred writings 2. A generic name for the most ancient Indian sacred literature, i.e. The Rg-Veda, Yajur-Veda, Sama-Veda and Atharva-Veda. Each Of These Books Is Divided Into Two Portions, Mantra And Brahmana. The Term Veda Is Generally Reserved For The Mantras Or Metrical Hymns, Especially Those Of The Rg-Veda. Sri Aurobindo Has Translated and/Or Commented On Many of the Vedic Hymns. Most Of His Writings Related To The Vedas Have Been Collected In Volumes And Of The Sri Aurobindo Birth Centenary Library (SABCL), The Secret Of The Veda, And Hymns To The Mystic Fire.
103) Vedanta (n) Sanskrit Vedanta, literally, end of the Veda, from Veda + anta end 1. An orthodox system of Hindu philosophy developing especially in a qualified monism the speculations of the Upanishads on ultimate reality and the liberation of the soul 2. A Hindu philosophy based on the teachings of the Upanishads.
104) Vimana (n) Sanskrit Vimana Meaning Plane, Also Referred To The Top Of The Temple Tower, Sanctum Santorum.
105) Vishnu (n) Sanskrit Vishnu the preserver god of the Hindu sacred triad — compare
brahma , shiva.
106) Vritra (n) Sanskrit A Snake-Demon And The Leader Of The Danavas.
107) Yoga (n) Sanskrit, literally, yoking, from yunakti he yokes 1 capitalized : a Hindu theistic philosophy teaching the suppression of all activity of body, mind, and will in order that the self may realize its distinction from them and attain liberation2: a system of exercises for attaining bodily or mental control and well-being
108) Yogi Sanskrit yogin, from yoga 1: a person who practices yoga 2. capitalized : an adherent of Yoga philosophy3: a markedly reflective or mystical person


Source:

1) AskOxford: Free online dictionary resources from Oxford University http;//
www.askoxford.com/
2) Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English http;//www.oup.co.uk/isbn/0-19-861022-x?view=ask
3) Hindu English Dictionary a Wisdom Archive on Hindu English Dictionary Http://Www.Experiencefestival.Com/Hindu English Dictionary/Page/
4) Language in India http://www.languageinindia.com/may2003/annika.html
5) List Of English Words Of Sanskrit Origin Http://En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/List_Of_English_Words_Of_Sanskrit_Origin
6) List Of Hindu Deities Http://En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/List_Of_Hindu_Deities
7) Merriam-Webster Online search -
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/arya
8) Sanskrit http://www.geocities.com/sanskritpuns99/sanskrit.html

Association of Color with English Vocabulary

Colors often have different meanings in various cultures. The meanings of various colors have changed over the years.
BLACK
Black
: Black is the color of authority and power.The term "black" is often used in the West to denote the race of people whose skin color ranges from light to darker shades of brown. In ancient China, black was the symbol of North and Water, one of the main five colors. In Japanese culture, kuro (black) is a symbol of nobility, age, and experience, as opposed to shiro (white), which symbolizes serfdom, youth, and naiveté. Black is a symbol of mourning and bereavement in Western societies, especially at funerals and memorial services.
Black body: In physics, a black body is a perfect absorber of light, but by a rule derived by Einstein it is also, when heated, the best emitter.
Black belt: Thus the black belt is a mark of achievement and seniority in many martial arts. These ranks are called dan.
Black bloc: Wearing black clothing is also sometimes an anarchist tactic during demonstrations, with a practical benefit of not attracting attention and making later identification of a subject difficult. This strategy is referred to as a black bloc.
Black box: A black box is any device whose internal workings are unknown or inexplicable.
Black flag: The plain black flag is explained in various ways, sometimes as an anti-flag or a non-flag.
Black frequently: Black frequently symbolizes ambiguity, secrecy, and the unknown.
Black hole: The term "black hole" is applied to collapsed stars. This term is metaphorical however, because few properties of black objects or black voids apply to black holes. However, light emitted within a black hole's event horizon cannot escape, hence a black hole cannot be directly observed.
Black light: Ultraviolet light is called "black light" because, unseen (per se), it causes many minerals and other substances to fluoresce.
Black magic: Black magic is a destructive or evil form of magic, often connected with death,Black market: The black market is used to denote the trade of illegal goods, or alternatively the illegal trade.
Black project: A black project is a secretive project, like Enigma Decryption, other classified military programs or operations, Narcotics, or police sting operations.Black robes: Lawyers and judges often wear black robes.
Black sheep: The black sheep of the family is the ne'er-do-well.
Black sky: Black sky refers to the appearance of space as one emerges from the Earth's atmosphere.
Blackmail: Blackmail is the act of threatening to reveal information about a person unless the threatened party fulfills certain demands.
BLUE
Blue
: The blue is one of the most popular colors. It causes the opposite reaction as red. Peaceful, tranquil blue causes the body to produce calming chemicals, so it is often used in bedrooms. Blue can also be cold and depressing.The English language commonly uses "blue" to refer to any colour from navy blue to cyan. The word itself is derived from the Old French word bleu. In the English language blue may refer to the feeling of sadness. Blue often represents the human emotion of sadness. e.g. "He was feeling blue".
Blue movie: An adult movie or one with significant sexual content can be referred to as a "blue movie"
Blue ribbon: In symbolism blue ribbon is a term used to describe something of high quality.
GREEN
Green: Currently the most popular decorating color, green symbolizes nature. It is the easiest color on the eye and can improve vision. It is a calming, refreshing color. People waiting to appear on TV sit in "green rooms" to relax. Hospitals often use green because it relaxes patients.
The word green is closely related to the Old English verb growan, “to grow”. It is used to describe plants or the ocean.
Green (Emotion): Sometimes it can also describe someone who is inexperienced, jealous, or sick.
Green (Environment):Green is common in nature, especially in plants.
Green Movement: Recent political groups have taken on the color as symbol of environmental protection and social justice, and consider themselves part of the Green movement, some naming themselves Green parties. This has led to similar campaigns in advertising, as companies have sold green, or environmentally friendly, products.
Green (Religion): Green is considered the traditional color of Islam. For example, Islam venerates the color, as it expects paradise to be full of lush greenery.
Green Revolution: The Green Revolution of agriculture that led in some places to significant increases in agricultural production between the 1940s and 1960s. India began its own Green Revolution program of plant breeding, irrigation development, and financing of agrochemicals. M. S. Swaminathan, adviser to the Indian minister of agriculture played a key role in the revolution.
Green (Social): Green is also associated with regeneration, fertility and rebirth for its connections to nature.
Greenwashing: A company is greenwashing if they advertise positive environmental practices to cover up environmental destruction.
GREY
Grey: Grey symbolizes mediocrity, the background noise of society.
Grey Area: A concept that is in a Grey area is a concept about which one is unsure what category in which to place it.
Grey (Emotion): Grey is often synonymous with things that are dull and boring. Grey represents pessimism whereas its opposite, optimism, is represented by the color rose.
Grey goo: Grey goo is to a hypothetical end-of-the-world scenario involving molecular nanotechnology in which out-of-control self-replicating robots consume all living matter on Earth
Grey matter: The substance that composes the brain is referred to as "grey matter", and so the color is associated with things intellectual.
Grey person: A "grey person" is someone who goes unnoticed (Parties).
Grey Hair: Aging hair is often perceived as being grey although it is actually white, because white hairs next to other colors look comparatively darker. Hence grey is associated with the elderly.
ORANGE
Orange
: Orange (deep saffron.)in general represents Hinduism in the flags of India.
RED
Red:
The most emotionally intense color, red stimulates a faster heartbeat and breathing. It is also the color of love. Red clothing gets noticed and makes the wearer appear heavier. Since it is an extreme color, red clothing might not help people in negotiations or confrontations.
The color red is associated with heat, energy and blood, and emotions that stir the blood, including anger, passion, and love. Fire is also strongly connected. associated with lust, passion, love, and beauty as well. Red is also used as a symbol of courage and sacrifice.
Red (Blood): Oxygenated blood is red due to the presence of oxygenated hemoglobin.
Red cross: International symbol for first aid, ambulance.Red flag : "Socialist" red was used as a color of European Revolutionaries, often in the form of the red flag.. During the 1950s when red was so strongly associated with communism.
Red-handed: Phrase "caught red-handed", meaning either caught in an act of crime or caught with the blood of murder still on one's hands.
Red-light districts: At one point, red was associated with prostitutes, or now, with brothels (red-light districts).
Red (Mythology): Satan is usually depicted as colored red and/or wearing a red costume in both iconography and popular culture.
Red (Night vision): Red light is used to preserve night vision in low-light or night-time situations, as the rod cells in the human eye aren't sensitive to red.
Red Planet: Mars is called the Red Planet.
Red (Signal): Red has seen widespread use as a danger signal, in stop signs, to warn people of extreme heat or flammability, and even to signal warnings in sports such as soccer.
Red (Symbol): The usage for animal color appears similar to that for red ochre, red hair and Red Indian.
WHITE
White:
Brides wear white to symbolize innocence and purity. White reflects light and is considered a summer color. White is popular in decorating and in fashion because it is light, neutral, and goes with everything. Examples include classic "white" substances such as sugar, foam, pure sand or snow, cotton, clouds, and milk. White is commonly the color of snow and ice.
White elephant: A white elephant is a gift or possession that creates a burden or difficulty for the recipient.
White (Clothe): White is the clothing color of the physicians, surgeons, as well as cricketers.
White (Economics): White is often associated with Capitalism (as opposed to Communism).
White feather: To "show the white feather" is to display cowardice.
White flag: A white flag is an international sign of either surrender, or truce, that is, it is a sign of peaceful intent, typically at time of war.
White House: The White House is the residence of the President of the United States.
White magic: Healing or "good" paranormal magic is called White magic.
White noise: White noise, in acoustics, is a sibilant sound that is often a nuisance, although it can also be deliberately created for test purposes.
Whiteout: Whiteout is a weather condition in which visibility is reduced and surface definition lost in snowy environments.
White paper: A white paper can be an authoritative report on a major issue, as by a team of experts; a government report outlining policy; or a short treatise whose purpose is to educate industry customers. It is called white paper because it was originally bound in white.
White Revolution: The White Revolution (Persian: Enghelab-e-Sephid) was a far-reaching series of reforms launched in 1963 by the last Shah of Iran. Verghese Kurien, chairman of the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd.(GCMMF), set up the Anand model of cooperative dairy development, engineered the White Revolution in India, and made India the largest milk producer in the world.
White ribbon: The white ribbon is worn by movements denouncing violence against women.
White Rose: The White Rose was a non-violent resistance group in Nazi Germany, consisting of five students from the University of Munich and their philosophy professor.
White (Science): In the science of lighting, there is a continuum of colors of light that can be called "white". Stars of stellar class A are white.
White (Social): White often represents purity or innocence in Western Civilization. In Chinese, Japanese and Korean tradition, white is the color of mourning and death. In Indian tradition, white is also the color of death and ghosts, and also stands for Peace and Purity.
White Stick: White Stick as a symbol of blindness.
White Terror: This originated from Royalist rebellions against the French Revolution (see Revolt in the Vendée), known as the White terror.
Whitewash: Whitewash, figuratively, means an attempt to obscure the truth by issuing a blanket of lies.
YELLOW
Yellow
: Cheerful sunny yellow is an attention getter. While it is considered an optimistic color, people lose their tempers more often in yellow rooms, and babies will cry more. It is the most difficult color for the eye to take in, so it can be overpowering if overused. Yellow enhances concentration, hence its use for legal pads. It also speeds metabolism. Yellow is associated with age and aging, both with people and objects (i.e. yellowed-paper).
Yellow cake: Yellowcake (also known as urania and uranic oxide) is concentrated uranium oxide, obtained through the milling of uranium ore.
Yellow Card: In Association football (soccer), the referee shows a yellow card to indicate that a player has been officially cautioned.
Yellow (Emotion): The term is associated at times with jealousy, as well as cowardliness.
Yellow emperor: The legendary first emperor of China was known as the Yellow Emperor.
Yellow-fever mosquito: A yellow-fever mosquito is a mosquito in the Aedes genus, so named because they transmit dengue fever and yellow fever, the mosquito-born viruses.
Yellow (Graphite): Pencils are often painted yellow, originally because of the association of this color with the orient, where the best graphite was found.Yellow (Jaundice): Yellow is associated with jaundice, since someone who has that disease turns yellow. yellow has traditionally been associated with jaundice and cowardice.
Yellow journalism: "Yellow journalism" was sensationalist journalism that distorts, exaggerates, or exploits news to maximize profit. Lastly, it is associated with sensational journalistic practices, or yellow journalism, and resistance to militant trade unions.
Yellow metal: Gold
Yellow Race: Asian people are sometimes referred to as the yellow race.
SOURCE:
WIKIPEDIA (
http://en.wikipedia.org/)
Color Psychology: Do different colors affect your mood?
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/colors1.html

How to improve your vocabulary

Strong Vocabulary Binds your Audience

Have you observed that speakers who have very strong vocabulary command respect from their clients and colleagues? You will agree that any speech should include strong vocabulary to emphasize your ideas seriously.
In our daily life we come across individuals who can talk very fluently, but the other day he may be stumbling. In a specific environment or with group of people the individual may be much more articulate than others.
Have you experienced your tongue-tied when you are commencing or holding your conversation with in a specific environment? Do you find that you are let down when you are confined with poor vocabulary? May be, you just need to improve your vocabulary skills.

Vocabulary: Your Authority

Language is a communication tool. English language is known for its rich vocabulary. The way you employ English vocabulary conveys your authority and expertise. In fact an engineer or a physician is recognized for his professional skills. Similarly computer hardware engineers or software developers are adored for their mastery in computers. A painter attains his name and fame due to his artistic talents.

Vocabulary and Communication Skills

What about your skill or ability to communicate in English or any language? A strong English vocabulary and communication skills go hand in hand. You will be ignored if your English language communication lacks vocabulary. Your poor vocabulary leads to lack of authority and acceptance.

Skill to Articulate your Vocabulary

It is absolutely unwarranted to speak in ostentatious language and use obscure words to confuse your audience. It is not that your command of your language or vocabulary knowledge will reach your audience. It is your skill in using English language in an artful manner will only reach your audience. It is the skill that most of the corporate houses seek from their prospective candidates while recruiting.

How to improve your vocabulary?

Increasing one's vocabulary is a lifelong process. There are number of ways to improve your vocabulary skills. Internet is a strong contender. There are number of blogs, Websites and portals who publish tutorials, quizzes, newsletters (‘Today English Word’) etc. They offer valuable tips and tricks on improving and enhancing your English Vocabulary.
To start with, you must make yourself exposed to various forms of reading. Of course you may be already reading lot of books and magazines. Now you honestly tell me whether you are paying close attention to the language? I mean to say that you are simple reading. Have you ever analyzed how sentences are constructed and how the vocabulary is used? If not followed this in earlier occasions, you must follow from now.

What is next? You are coming across an unknown word. Try to understand how the word is used in the sentence. Give a serious thinking about the word and sentence for a while. Now you consult a dictionary and understand its meaning precisely. Repeating this in the process of reading may be annoying. But this practice makes an active vocabulary builder.

Finally, after your reading prepare a list of new words you have come across. You may even categorize them in different subject categories i.e. computer, cookery, finance, government, science, sports, technology etc. Keep continuously quiz yourself. Also use these words while speaking and writing without fail.

Books to help you improve your English
1) Essential English Grammar by Murphy (Cambridge)
2) Spoken English by R K Bansal and J B Harrison
3) Pronounce It Perfectly In English (book and three audio cassettes) by Jean Yates, Barrons Educational Series
4) English Pronunciation For International Students by Paulette Wainless Dale, Lillian Poms